Paper arXiv:2611.04268 · cs.CV · Submitted · PDF ↗
Research paper
Weight-Space Programming for Improving Image-Restoration Diffusion Models: Technical Conjectures and a Recursive Improvement Loop
Zhuoran Zheng, Doubao
Abstract
Can an LLM directly edit the weights of a diffusion-based image-restoration model to \emph{improve} restoration quality---without gradients, paired data, or fine-tuning? Recent experiments show frontier LLMs can fix structural bugs by modifying as little as \(0.016\%\) of parameters, but cannot instill new capabilities. We ask whether weight-space programming (WSP) can move from \emph{debugging} to \emph{improvement} in the precise-regression setting of image restoration (deblurring, super-resolution, denoising, inpainting). Restoration diffusion UNets present a middle ground: low-level signal-processing layers are concentrated enough for targeted weight-direction edits, while high-level semantic layers remain distributed and resistant to sparse modification. We propose three technical conjectures: (C1) an LLM can localize the layer behind a quality gap (over-smoothing, color shift, hallucinated texture) within a 200 forward-pass budget; (C2) editing a small set of identified weight directions (e.g., scaling high-frequency filter norms, correcting output-bias channels) can measurably improve PSNR and perceptual quality; (C3) a recursive loop---diagnose \(\rightarrow\) edit \(\rightarrow\) evaluate \(\rightarrow\) re-diagnose---can compound gains across rounds, forming a minimal recursive self-improvement (RSI) loop for vision. We analyze the required AI capability (arguing targeted edits need not superintelligence, while general capability generation does) and detail the challenges of precise pixel-level regression. We provide a PyTorch-style deployment pipeline and outline a benchmark. This manuscript is conjectural, intended to open a new subtopic for image restoration.
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